definition of computer

jj December 16, 2019


Contents

  • 1 Definition of a computer
  • The importance of computers
  • 3 How the computer works
  • 4 Computer parts and components
  • 5 cons Computer
  • 6 Computer video and its components
  • 7 References

definition of computer

The computer is known as a machine programmed in a specific and specific way that processes data, stores and then outputs it. Signs of the emergence of the computer appeared between 1943 and 1946 when it was manufactured to help people solve problems and long and large accounts to save time and effort, and the beginnings of the computer were very distinctive, where the size One computer is roughly the size of a home, meaning its size and weight are too big.

Computer can be defined at the present time as a group of wires and electrical circuits that represent the hardware (English: hardware), and a set of instructions, orders and data called software (English: Software), and there are many types of computers used today, such as giant computers, personal computers, Workstation computers (English: Work Station) for playing video games. [1] [2]

The importance of computers

The computer has spread widely and it has become difficult to complete tasks and functions in various areas of work without using it, as it has greatly affected the form and nature of life and societies, so the standard of development and progress for nations has become dependent on the amount of use of computers and technology in various areas of life, due to the convenience and ease provided by the computer The simplicity of work, and the importance of computers can be summarized as follows: [3] [4]
  • Solve numerical problems, difficult equations that take time, and complicated steps to solve them.
  • Fast and organized storage and retrieval of information.
  • The creation of documents and photos, in a structured and distinctive way, and the computer through specialized programs made it possible to edit, amend and write texts.
  • By computer, the robot (robot) was invented which helped in many industries, and allowed control of many machines, which saved effort and time, and reduced the material cost.
  • The computer helped make the learning process easier and more creative when using various computer aids, devices and methods.
  • The computer has made the field of medicine more advanced, due to its use in all medical devices that have performed many medical functions, such as diagnosing diseases and keeping medical reports for patients. [5]

How the computer works

The computer depends on a specific and very organized working mechanism to perform the functions and tasks and process the data as required, as it works to process the data entered by input devices, such as the mouse and keyboard , and then stores the result of the process in the different volumes used, and then sends the results to devices Output to display results to the user via screen or headphones.

In order for the computer to understand the data entered in its various forms, it converts the data into its bilingual language which consists of only 0 and 1; it is the only language the computer understands so that it can process and analyze the different data that is dealt with in the computer world. [6]

Computer parts and components

The computer consists of a group of parts and parts that work together forming the computer , and each part has a specific function that depends in one way or another on the rest of the parts and other parts, for example, the keyboard will not work without the presence of the hard disk or the central processing unit, and the computer parts are: [7] [8]
  • Keyboard: The tool by which text data is entered into the computer.
  • Mother Board (English: Mother Board): Considered the main part of a computer, it is an electronic piece on which all computer parts are connected.
  • Power Supply: The part responsible for providing the computer with electrical current.
  • Screen Card (VGA) .
  • Mouse (in English: Mouse) .
  • Disk unit (English: Disk Drivers) .
  • Screen or monitor .
  • Headphones: It is in charge of part of the output data in the form of an audible voice.
  • Central Processing Unit: This unit is the brain behind the computer, as it is the part responsible for processing all data entered into the computer , showing results as output, and storing data in different memory units.
  • Cache Memory (English: Cache Memory).
  • Read Only Memory: This memory contains the initial settings necessary for the operation of the computer, and it is not possible to modify or delete the data stored on it.
  • Random Access Memory: It is volatile memory; that is, it loses all its contents of data when the electrical current is cut off from the computer. This memory is used to store data temporarily while the computer is only working.
  • Hard Disk: This is the memory on which data is stored permanently, and is used to store system files, data and files that the user wants to preserve permanently.

Computer negatives

The computer has become mainly present in all areas of life, and it is indispensable in any way in the industrial, medical, health, military and security fields, despite all these positive and important aspects, but it contains some negatives that accompany its use, including: [9]
  • Eye damage when using the computer for a long time and continuously.
  • Muscle problems occur in the neck and headache muscles when sitting for a long time in front of a computer screen.
  • In some cases, the computer causes isolation and distance from social life.
  • The computer also caused unemployment to rise in general, because it took the place of man in the workplace, especially in factories and manual work that became programmed by machines more precisely, in less time, and at a lower cost compared to human labor.
  • Significantly wasting time for those who spend a lot of time in video games or other activities that cause waste of time and energy.
  • The emergence of a new concept of crimes, which is the concept of cyber crime , which is crimes that relate to illegal matters that occur due to the wrong use of the computer, such as stealing information and personal data of individuals, blackmail, defamation and stealing money.
  • The lack of the concept of personal privacy.