What distinguishes precious stones is their color, luster, transparency, and what gives them a greater price is their rarity, and how to extract them, which increases their value, and the hardness and resistance to scratching may affect its material value as well.
Rare gemstones
Sapphire
Sapphire is one of the precious stones that occupies the first place in terms of the most expensive, and belongs to the metal corundite and is of aluminum oxide, and is available in the colors of red, or brown red, or pink purple.
Diamond
Diamonds occupy the second place after the sapphire in terms of importance, and consists of carbon as a result of exposure to high temperature and pressure, and is characterized by the purity of its white or transparent color, and has many physical properties, the most important of its toughness and hardness.
Emeralds
Emerald is the third most important, beryllium and aluminum silicate mineral, and it is found in hard rock and marble mines in contrast to most gemstones, and is characterized by its dark green clear color.
Exhale
Exhaled is a kind of blue corundum metal, formed by heat and intense pressure, and known as the sapphire and also the name of sapphires or sapphires, and it is in all colors except red, and its most famous and transparent blue are ranked fourth in importance.
Agate
Agate is an opaque, impure, amorphous metal, usually red, sometimes yellow, green, blue, or gray, a type of quartz known as jasper.
Yamani agate
Onyx or onyx is a semi-transparent metal that is chemically synthesized from a crystalline silica containing impurities of iron compounds. These impurities show different colors red, yellow, and brown, and the most famous types are red onyx and known as Pomegranate, and brown agate is known as hepatic.
Amethyst
Amethyst is a transparent mineral, popularly known as oriental sapphire, of light purple, dark, or purple color, and it acquires a violet color due to the presence of traces of manganese in its composition, while the original amethyst is a type of quartz where it is made of silicon dioxide.
Turquoise
Turquoise is known from ancient times, its color is greenish green or greenish gray and sometimes turns into light green, and it is rare to find it in an amorphous state, as it is composed of aluminum phosphate that contains copper water.
Topaz
Topaz is known as yellow sapphire or yellow sapphire, and it is a transparent mineral essentially golden yellow color but there are blue, brown or yellow types, the crystals of which form inside the cavities of the granite and harsh schist stones.
lapis lazuli
Lapis lazuli was known in ancient times as a semi-transparent semi-precious stone, with a deep dark blue color, its double chemical composition of aluminum and sodium silicate mixed with iron and sulfur.
opal
Opal is a semi-translucent gem in multiple colors, including blue, white, rare black, Portuguese red, green and yellow, that has a sparkling sheen.
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