Gold exists in its original form on the surface of the earth and in its interior, and months extracted ores from the surface of alluvial gold, which is specifically found in the rivers and streams of water and flood plains, and formed alluvial deposits through weathering processes of wind and rain, as a result of changing temperatures rock temperatures containing gold , while The oxidized raw gold is exogenous and can be formed by secondary fertilization process, in which the mineral and sulfide elements gradually leak out, leaving the insoluble gold minerals as surface deposits, and it is indicated that natural gold is the most mineral Common from gold, it contains 0.1 to 4% of silver , and forms approximately 80% of the mineral present in the Earth's crust, and is found in the form of large clusters up to 12 mm in diameter, and in a few cases blocks of it are found with a weight of 50 kg. [1]
The weight of the extracted gold
It is noteworthy that gold extracted since ancient times has reached a weight of 152,000 tons, and scientists believe that there are eight times the gold that was extracted in and under the oceans, and they expect it to also be in the heart of the earth, which leads to difficulty in reaching it along with its very high cost. [2]
Carat gold
The majority of gold jewelry is not made from pure gold, and to measure the amount of gold in the jewelry piece, the carat (unit of measurement of the purity of gold) is used, and it is worth noting that pure gold makes up 24 carats, and when adding other minerals to it the number of carats decreases, for example 12 carat gold It contains 50% of its weight on gold and 50% on other minerals. [3]
Statistics of gold production in the world
Gold producing countries are present in all continents of the world except Antarctica, [2] and the table below shows the five most gold producing countries in the world according to the statistics of 2015. [4]
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